Patologia del glaucoma | Oftalis https://www.oftalis.com/en/types-pathologies/patologia-del-glaucoma-en/ Institut Oftalmologia de la Clínica Girona Tue, 25 Feb 2025 10:43:32 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://www.oftalis.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/favicon-150x150.png Patologia del glaucoma | Oftalis https://www.oftalis.com/en/types-pathologies/patologia-del-glaucoma-en/ 32 32 Closed-Angle Glaucoma https://www.oftalis.com/en/pathologies/closed-angle-glaucoma/ Tue, 07 Mar 2023 15:57:14 +0000 https://www.oftalis.com/patologies/closed-angle-glaucoma/ Closed-Angle Glaucoma, also known as acute glaucoma, is an eye disease that can lead to rapid and permanent vision loss if not treated urgently. It occurs when intraocular pressure suddenly increases due to an obstruction of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye, which is the space where the aqueous humor drains. Risk… 

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]]> Closed-Angle Glaucoma, also known as acute glaucoma, is an eye disease that can lead to rapid and permanent vision loss if not treated urgently. It occurs when intraocular pressure suddenly increases due to an obstruction of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye, which is the space where the aqueous humor drains.

Risk Factors for This Condition:

  • Having a narrow anterior chamber angle from birth.
  • Myopia.
  • Family history of closed-angle glaucoma.
  • Certain medications, such as anticholinergics and steroids.
  • Pupil dilation, which may occur during some eye exams or with certain medications.

Symptoms:

The symptoms of closed-angle glaucoma appear suddenly and may include:

  • Intense eye pain.
  • Blurred or cloudy vision.
  • Halos or colored circles around lights.
  • Redness of the eye.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Headache.
  • Sensitivity to light.

Diagnosis of Closed-Angle Glaucoma:

The diagnosis of closed-angle glaucoma is made through a comprehensive eye exam conducted by an ophthalmologist. The exam may include:

  • Measurement of intraocular pressure.
  • Examination of the optic nerve.
  • Perimetry, a test to assess the visual field.
  • Gonioscopy to evaluate the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye.

Treatment for This Type of Glaucoma:

It is a condition that is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment to reduce intraocular pressure and prevent permanent damage to the optic nerve. Initial treatment may include:

  • Eye drops to dilate the pupil and open the angle of the anterior chamber.
  • Oral medications to reduce the production of aqueous humor and lower intraocular pressure.
  • Laser treatment to create a new drainage pathway for the aqueous humor.
  • Surgery: in severe cases, surgery may be necessary to create a new drainage pathway for the aqueous humor.

Prevention:

If you are at risk, your ophthalmologist may recommend preventive treatment. This may include:

  • Laser iridotomy, a procedure that creates a small opening in the iris to allow drainage of aqueous humor.
  • Medications to reduce the risk of an attack

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]]> Open-Angle Glaucoma https://www.oftalis.com/en/pathologies/open-angle-glaucoma/ Tue, 07 Mar 2023 15:54:21 +0000 https://www.oftalis.com/patologies/open-angle-glaucoma/ Open-angle glaucoma, also known as primary open-angle glaucoma, is the most common type of glaucoma, accounting for about 70% of cases. This disease progressively affects the optic nerve, the part of the eye that transmits visual signals to the brain. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent vision loss and, in severe cases, blindness. How Open-Angle… 

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]]> Open-angle glaucoma, also known as primary open-angle glaucoma, is the most common type of glaucoma, accounting for about 70% of cases. This disease progressively affects the optic nerve, the part of the eye that transmits visual signals to the brain. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent vision loss and, in severe cases, blindness.

How Open-Angle Glaucoma Works:

In a healthy eye, the aqueous humor nourishes and removes waste from the ocular tissue. This fluid circulates through a mesh called the trabecular meshwork, which serves as a filter. In open-angle glaucoma, this mesh becomes obstructed or damaged, hindering the normal drainage of the aqueous humor. This obstruction causes an increase in intraocular pressure, potentially damaging the optic nerve.

Risk Factors:

  • Age: The risk of glaucoma increases with age, being more common after 60 years.
  • Family History: Having relatives with glaucoma raises the risk of developing it.
  • High Intraocular Pressure: Elevated intraocular pressure is the primary risk factor.
  • Certain Health Conditions: Some diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, can elevate the risk of glaucoma.
  • Certain Medications: Long-term use of specific steroids can heighten the risk of glaucoma.
  • Certain Eye Defects: Having particular eye defects, such as a narrow iris, can increase the risk.

Symptoms:

In its early stages, it is often asymptomatic. This means that vision loss can go unnoticed until the disease reaches advanced stages . Some symptoms that may occur in more advanced stages include:

  • Blurred vision, especially in peripheral (side) vision.
  • Difficulty seeing in low light conditions.
  • Seeing halos or colored circles around lights.
  • Eye pain.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Loss of vision in the visual field.

 

Because open-angle glaucoma is often asymptomatic in its early stages, early detection is key to preventing vision loss. Having regular eye exams with an ophthalmologist starting at age 40 allows for the disease to be detected in its early stages and for treatment to be initiated to control intraocular pressure and prevent damage to the optic nerve. Early diagnosis and treatment can help preserve vision for many years.

 

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