Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin and transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eye (sclera) and the inner part of the eyelids.

Causes of Conjunctivitis:

This condition can have various causes; among the most common are:

  • Infections: The most prevalent cause is infections, which can be bacterial, viral, or fungal. Bacterial infections often produce a thick, yellowish eye discharge, while viral infections usually result in a watery, clear discharge.
  • Allergies: Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by an allergic reaction to substances such as pollen, dust, pet dander, or certain chemicals. Symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis include itching, redness, tearing, and a burning sensation in the eyes.
  • Irritants: Irritative conjunctivitis can be caused by exposure to irritating substances, such as smoke, pool chlorine, or smog. Symptoms of irritative conjunctivitis include redness, itching, and a burning sensation in the eyes.
  • Other Causes: In some cases, it may be caused by other factors, such as dry eyes, certain medications, or autoimmune diseases.

 

Symptoms:

Symptoms can vary depending on the cause but generally include:

  • Redness of the eyes: The inflamed conjunctiva becomes red and may appear “bloodshot.”
  • Itching: Itching in the eyes can be intense and persistent.
  • Burning sensation: The eyes may feel as if they are burning or irritated.
  • Eye discharge: The eye discharge can be watery, clear, thick, or yellowish, depending on the cause of the conjunctivitis.
  • Inflammation: The conjunctiva may become swollen and inflamed, causing discomfort and difficulty opening the eyes.
  • Sensitivity to light: The eyes may be sensitive to light, especially sunlight.
  • Tearing: The eyes may tear more than usual.

 

Depending on the cause, other symptoms may also be present, such as:

  • Fever: Fever can be a symptom of a bacterial or viral infection.
  • Headache: Headache can be a symptom of a viral infection or allergies.
  • Swollen lymph nodes: The lymph nodes in front of the ears may be swollen and tender to the touch in the case of an infection.

 

Ultimately, conjunctivitis is a common and generally non-serious eye condition. With appropriate diagnosis and treatment, most people experience a complete recovery. However, it is important to remain vigilant about more severe symptoms and consult an ophthalmologist if necessary.